Philosophy panorama

Background:

My Dad was a scientist with a wide ranging intellectural interest and the natural born abiltiy to teach.
The earliest exposure to philosophy that I can recall was a discussion of the implications of entropy while "helping" my Dad fix up an old broken down Mercedes 190D. The many discussions in the following years have now faded to a patina of pleasant feelings tinted with a sadness at their passing. That was the genesis of my interest in philosophy and the intellectual arts.

Korzybski was my first conscious exposure to a philosophical system. This was somewhere in high school. Somewhere during college, I discovered Moritimer Adler. His writings and the Great Book Series opened the doors and I walked right in.

Links:

Introduction

Philosophy, to me, is a young man’s game. As one matures and lives more deeply into life, the big questions are answered one by one. There are many unknowns (because they are unknowable) but very, very few questions. What’s more, if you have acquired the knack of multi-level thinking, no newly discovered question remains unanswered, assuming it is answerable, for long. What follows is not really philosophy in the sense of Kant or Descartes but are more general observations derived from my life experience and the life experience of those I have known or observed.

General

Religion

Principle of Least Astonishment

The Principle of Least Astonishment states that if the evidence equally supports two different conclusions, then the least astonishing conclusion is usually correct. For example the evidence supported dust on the Moon but not how much dust. Some people seriously speculated that parts of the Moon could be covered by layers of of dust think enough to swallow a lander. Other people speculated that Moon dust would be no thicker than the dust on Earth. Neither side has sufficient supporting data. The least astonishing conclusion would be an Earth like layer of dust and that is how it turned out.

Of course, the Principle of Least Astonishment isn’t really proof for anything. It’s simply a mildly humorous way to appeal to common sense and an experience bred sense of balance in life. Oddly enough, even though it’s not logical, using the POLA does help maintain balance when people are wildly speculating.

Defining the Extreme

What is an extreme position? An extreme position is either a completely positive or completely negative answer to a question. The question is structured in a way that the answer must be one value of a mutually exclusive two-value pair. Basically a yes/no answer. The unspoken assumption is the “correct” answer automatically rejects any part of the ‘incorrect" answer. The answer must be pure yes or pure no to be “correct.”

Take the abortion debate as an example. If the abortion question is structured as “Is abortion OK? The only answers are “Yes, abortion is OK.” or “No, abortion is not OK.” If the abortion question is structured as “Under what circumstances is abortion OK?”. There can now be three answers. “Abortion is OK under all circumstances.”, “Abortion is not OK under any circumstances.” and “Abortion is OK under some circumstances but not in others.” The extremist will choose one of the first two questions. The moderate will choose the third question then attempt to define the circumstances under which abortion is OK.

Eagle Feathers

The old Plains Indians believed that if you put an eagle feather in your hair, then you would acquire the attributes of an eagle. People still do this but not with eagle feathers. For example, a man believes himself to be a furniture maker. He reads books and magazines about furniture making, uses the slang and language of a furniture maker, copies the attitudes and mannerisms of people who are furniture makers and participates in furniture making discussions. If he doesn’t actually make furniture, he is not a furniture maker. Simply reading, acting, and talking without doing like a furniture maker does not make him a furniture maker.

Sumner Lines

Average celestial navigation is based on the assumption that all lines on the earth are straight. This is a false assumption but navigators have successfully used this assumption to find their way. Point: For practical purposes, sometimes a false assumption can lead to a workable conclusion.

Werner’s Rock Formation Theory

Werner sat in Germany and developed a theory of rock formation based on local observation. When tested against the rest of the world, the theory was proven false. Point: Generalizing from one data point usually leads to false conclusions. (Except for this one, of course. Sometimes if you pick a really good data point, it works.)

Cycles and Epicycles

Prior to Copernicus, people believed that the Sun revolved around the Earth. When astronomical observation and mathematical calculation did not exactly match the theory, the theory was “nuanced” with epicycles to explain away the practical observation. Point: People will retain a false theory even when close observation of the way things actually are refutes the theory.

Freedom Defined

Conflict

Life is continual conflict from the moment of your conception to the moment of your death.

General

Time-Speed-Distance Triangle

Drops of Distilled Philosophy